Experts

When looking for information on whether if can dogs drink milk, it’s fascinating to see how many contradictory opinions there are. Some say milk is not only safe to drink, but also recommended, while others say it is not.

What is milk?

Milk is a liquid secreted by the mammary glands of mammals to feed their young. Lactose, a disaccharide formed by the union of two monosaccharides, glucose and galactose, accounts for a large portion of its energy content.

Milk excludes beverages derived from legumes and cereals such as soybeans, oats, and almonds.

Milk is a fat and water mixture that does not precipitate and remains stable over time. This stability is achieved by proteins (caseins) with one end that interacts with fat and the other with water.

So, in every case, we have:

• Water.
• Carbohydrates
• Grease.
• Proteins

Each species’ milk has a different composition because the offspring have different needs depending on the species. However, the milk of Bos taurus females, or cow’s milk as it is more commonly known, is more widely consumed in human consumption.

The specific composition of this in its “whole” form after pasteurization or sterilization is:

• 88.4% water.
• 3.8% fat.
• 3.06% protein.
• 4.7% carbohydrates.

Despite the fact that the nutrient percentages appear to be small, when the water is removed, we have:

• 32.75% fat.
• 26.37% protein.
• 40.51% carbohydrates.

Proteins also have a high biological value. It is high in vitamins A, D, E, B, and C.

It is a well-known mineral source, particularly potassium and calcium. When compared to other foods with higher calcium content than milk, the latter is also absorbed in a remarkable manner, because it is not the amount of nutrient that matters, but when it is absorbed.

Zinc, iodine, iron, phosphorus, sodium, and magnesium are also present.

What problems can milk cause in dogs?

Lactose intolerance is caused by a lack of an enzyme, specifically lactase (which divides lactose into galactose and glucose so that it can be absorbed).

The small intestine produces this enzyme during lactation and then stops producing it; however, due to genetic mutations, many people and animals continue to produce it.

Lactase is not absorbed in the intestine and instead reaches the large intestine, where certain bacteria can exploit it and multiply above their normal concentration, causing diarrhea, flatulence, and discomfort. Furthermore, lactose transports a large amount of water and other dissolved nutrients, influencing their absorption.

This is the most common problem caused by milk consumption, and it does not always go away when consumption is discontinued, but it is not the only one.

Dairy allergy: It differs from the previous one in that its symptoms are triggered by an immune system response, whereas the previous one does not. The symptoms are sometimes similar, but there is also itching, skin redness, and otitis. Respiratory symptoms are rarer. Dairy products are common allergens, despite being a less common problem than the previous one.

Unlike sugar intolerance, which is caused by a sugar, the symptoms in this case are caused by milk proteins, and the symptoms disappear when the food is removed.

Can dogs drink milk?

The dog will determine the answer. The most straightforward way to find out is to try this food while being aware of the potential health risks.

Of course, we do not recommend it, nor do we recommend that an animal’s diet be based solely on this food, no matter how nutritious it may be.

Can dogs drink milk from cows?

This is a completely reasonable doubt given the content that we have created. We will explain why this is the case.

Milk from various species is not the same. The compositions of bitch milk and cow’s milk are compared below:

Cows milk differs from what a puppy gets from its mother in composition, and the concentration of lactose is higher, so it won’t be able to digest it all, resulting in the previously mentioned issues.

It is a particularly vulnerable stage in the lives of these animals, and diarrhea can endanger not only their growth but also their survival.

What is the best dog milk?

Lactose-free milk is an option if you still want to try it. Because it is simply treated with lactase, its nutritional value is comparable to that of regular milk. It maintains the composition of other milks (but also, the amount of lactose it contains is higher than what they could digest).

There is no set amount of fat in milk that is recommended (whole, semi-skimmed, or skimmed). They are less likely to cause problems in a healthy dog if given in small amounts.

There is no one better suited for the commercial house than another. Under no circumstances should a dog be given raw milk.

Can a dog eat dairy?

The dairy determines the answer. Lactose is the fuel that bacteria require, so the more it is fermented, the less lactose it contains.

In theory, they do not have to be made of lactose-free milk; they will always be safer, but this does not compensate for the higher cost of these products.

Plain yogurt and aged or semi-aged cheese are generally safe. Small increasing doses should always be administered to see the effect on our animal, and the final amount should not cause any symptoms.

Cottage cheese is another interesting product because it contains little lactose. Dairy allergy occurs in all products derived from milk, so a dog with this condition will be unable to consume any dairy.

Can dogs drink soy milk

The simple answer is yes. Soy products in general are non-toxic to dogs and have a few advantages. To be honest, many commercial dog foods on the market contain soy.

So, yes. You can give your dogs small amounts of soy milk as a treat every now and then. However, keep in mind that this may not apply to everyone. After all, the nutritional requirements of dogs differ.

The consumption of soy milk has benefits and drawbacks, just like any other food. Yes, its nutritional value is adequate, and drinking it may provide some health benefits to your dogs. However, food containing soy-based ingredients is not a requirement in a dog’s diet, and giving your dog soy milk has risks.

What milk can dogs drink? Can dogs drink almond milk?

We talked about milk in general. But there are many different types — from the famous cow’s milk to goats’, and even non-dairy versions like almond and rice milk.

You can easily get lost in this vast sea of milk information. So which ones are safe for your puppy, and which should you avoid?

How much milk can dogs drink

Not only does lactose intolerance cause stomach upset in dogs, but the high levels of fat found in whole milk and high-fat dairy products can cause diarrhea and vomiting in some dogs. Therefore, regardless of whether your dog is lactose intolerant, they should never drink a large amount of milk. If your dog grabs a piece of cheese or licks some milk from your empty cereal bowl, it shouldn’t be a problem, but that should be the limit.

Depending on the size of your dog, the acceptable amount of milk intake will vary, but in general it should not be added to their diet more than 1-2 times a week. If your dog consumes a lot of milk, pay attention to stomach activity and bathing for the next 12-16 hours, until the milk is digested.

Can dogs drink milk instead of water?

Unless your dog is sick, you may notice that he or she will drink or eat anything placed in front of them. What beverages, however, are safe for a dog to consume? Nonetheless, you should avoid taking water away from your dog. Every day, your dog’s water bowl should be filled.

While there are other options for your dogs to drink, water is the only one that is completely safe and healthy for them. You can give dogs a more enjoyable drink, such as beef broth, but it should never be used in place of water.

Can dogs drink milk for upset stomach

Ice cream, milk, and cheese should all be avoided when your stomach is upset. They are difficult for your body to digest in part due to their high fat content. Sometimes plain, nonfat yogurt may be acceptable, but try a small amount first.

Can dogs drink milk everyday

Your dog receives all the milk it needs from its mother while still a puppy and doesn’t require any more. 

Additionally, introducing this novel milk to its delicate digestive system is not a good idea.

Sources

Dogsfoodadvisor.com

Dailipaws.com

We’re all trying to figure out what’s going on in our dog’s head at all times. Until the Chinese have perfected their useless invention of the “dog-man translator,” the only thing to do is to carefully observe the dog to try to better understand his state of mind. You must try to understand the signs your dog is bored.

Here are 7 clues that point out dogs that are bored and need something to do. The dog is not an ornament, and he requires a stimulating life that respects his nature.

Remember that some of these behaviors can also indicate stress or separation anxiety. A consultation with a dog trainer can assist you in determining the underlying cause of your dog’s behavior.

1) Negative behavior the first indications that your dog is bored

Dig holes in the garden and eat sofas, shoes, cushions, and walls? Your dog may be extremely bored. Too much energy in the body combined with insufficient stimulation is a lethal combination for your furniture. Chewing or destroying something is an activity that both releases energy and relaxes you. Give him a Kong every now and then.

2) It chases its tail, which is the second sign that your dog is bored.

We discussed it in detail in a separate article, which you can find here. This is a common behavior that can mask more serious problems, but in some cases, it is simply boredom that causes him to act this way. The dog attempts to expel the accumulated energy.

Spinning (turning on oneself) is common in kennels and shelters.This type of obsessive-compulsive disorder is caused by a lack of physical activity, a lack of external stimuli, and the stress of being locked in a cage.

The third sign that your dog is bored is when he barks in your face.

An unending barrage of barking at you is a clear way of communicating with you. Perhaps he’s just saying, “Hey, I’m bored!” “Get off that couch!”

4) Apathy is the fourth indication that your dog is bored.

It happens when the dog has given up on getting you off the couch. At first glance, he may appear depressed or to have a medical problem. In reality, he could be bored, especially if he responds to your stimulus by playing peacefully.

If, on the other hand, he refuses to play and appears more depressed than usual, take him to the vet to rule out a medical problem.

5) Snack

Is the dog following you around the house, attempting to bite your pants or whatever else is in reach? He’s probably bored and thinks this is a good way to burn off excess energy.

6) Annoy other dogs

If you have more than one dog, the more bored of the two (which they will both be), the more he will playfully “attack” his friend. The attack’s “victim” may not be amused.

It frequently occurs when we bring a second dog into the house who is much younger than the one we already have. The needs are obviously different, and it will be up to us to recognize and address them.

7) Constantly lick the last signs of boredom in your dog.

This was also covered in a separate article. Some dogs, when bored, may overdo their daily grooming to keep themselves occupied. It will lick and paws until they shine, and then it will most likely switch to your “paws.”

The problem is that excessive licking can cause wounds, which can lead to self-mutilation. He licks himself to “give himself affection” and relieve tension; he makes a wound; he licks himself to relieve discomfort; he makes a bigger wound. A never-ending vicious circle.

How can it be fixed?

Give it more attention, go for more walks, and try to incorporate it into our daily lives.
Any activity you participate in together will strengthen your bond and make him happy.

Source

You may have seen your dog eat poop once. Why do they do it? Why do dogs eat poop?

Of each and every disgusting habit that our canine companions have, drinking from the toilet, rolling in the mud of the quagmire, licking their butt, etc, nothing beats the disgusting practice of eating poop.

There is a scientific name for this habit: coprophagia (kop-ruh-fey-jee-uh), and also behavioral and physiological reasons why certain dogs view manure as a delicacy. If you have a poop eater, don’t despair; there are ways to discourage the habit. The truth is that it has not been deeply investigated by science, there are few studies in this regard, eating poop is a relatively common phenomenon. In 2012 research presented at the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior annual conference, scholars led by Dr. Benjamin Hart of the University of California, Davis, found that:

Hart wrote: “Our conclusion is that eating fresh feces is a reflection of an innate predisposition of ancestral canids that live in the wild and protect members of the pool from intestinal parasites present in feces that may occasionally end up in the area. den / roost. “Their study consisted of 2 separate surveys of about 3,000 dog owners.

Although it’s disgusting to human sensibilities, it really isn’t that bad from a canine point of view. Dogs evolved as vultures, eating what they found on the ground or in the garbage can, so their haute cuisine ideas are somewhat different from ours. In his Handbook of Applied Dog Behavior and Training, animal behaviorist Steven R. Lindsay states that coprophagia “may be one of multiple appetitive survival behaviors that have evolved to address the periodic problem of starvation.” In other words, when food is scarce, you cannot be picky.

Eating poop is normal for mothers and puppies

For certain species, such as rabbits, eating fecal droppings is a totally normal way to get key nutrients. In truth, if you prevent rabbits from doing this, they will develop medical problems and the young will not thrive. Fortunately, dogs don’t need to get nutrients like this. However, it is a normal and natural behavior in certain stages of the canine life. 

Mother dogs will lick their puppies to help them remove and clean their poop throughout the first 3 weeks. Puppies will naturally engage in this behavior as well, eating their feces (known as autocoprophagia) and those of other dogs (allocoprophagia), as well as cats and other animals. Certain dogs find horse manure and chicken droppings particularly attractive. Eating their poop is harmless, but consuming other animals’ poop can lead to medical problems if the stool is contaminated with parasites, viruses, or toxins. In most cases, this behavior will disappear before the puppy is about 9 months old.

Certain facts about dogs that eat poop

When it occurs in puppies, coprophagia is generally considered a part of the process of exploring the world around them. Most of them will be satisfied with an inhalation, but some will want to eat it, like little humans who put everything in their mouths. A strange fact: dogs rarely eat loose, malformed stools or have diarrhea. They seem to be more attracted to hard poop. The frozen ones, in particular, are swallowed with a pleasure. In his study, Hart made other observations about poop intake by dogs:

– Coprophagia was more common in multi-dog households. In households with just one dog, only 20% did, while in households with three dogs, the figure rose to 33%.

– Bitches were more likely to do it than males.

– 92% want fresh stools, which are only 1 or 2 days old.

– 85% only ate those of other dogs, and not theirs.

Why do dogs eat poop?

If your adult canid starts eating manure, you should ask your vet to rule out medical problems such as:

Typically, dogs start eating their poop due to some kind of environmental stress or behavioral triggers, including:

– Parasites.

– Diets deficient in nutrients and calories

– Malaabsorption syndrome .

– Diabetes , thyroid disease, Cushing’s disease and other conditions that could cause an increase in appetite.

– Medications.

On many occasions, dogs start to eat their carra due to environmental stressors or other triggers:

Isolation : Studies have proven that dogs that are left alone in kennels or basements are more likely to eat poop than dogs that live close to their people.

Restrictive confinement : Spending too much time confined in small spaces can cause the problem.

Anxiety : Often as a result of a person employing harsh punishment or methods throughout home training. According to this theory, dogs can evacuate and then eat their excreta to get rid of the test, but then they are punished further. It becomes a vicious cycle.

Attention seeking – Dogs eat their poop to get a reaction from their humans, who will inevitably react. So, if you see your dog doing this, don’t overdo it.

Inappropriate association with real foodstuffs: Dogs that are fed very close to their feces can make a connection between the smells of foodstuffs and those of defecation and will not be able to tell the difference.

Living with a sick or elderly dog : Sometimes a healthy dog ​​will consume feces from a weaker canine member of the household, especially in cases of fecal incontinence. Scientists hypothesize that this could be related to the instinct to protect the herd from predators.

How to prevent your dog from eating poop

Veterinarians and dog owners have seen improvements with a handful of strategies, including:

Vitamin supplementation : There is a long-standing theory that dogs eat feces because they are missing something in their diets. Vitamin B deficiency, in particular, has been the main suspect, and studies have supported this. In 1981, scientists tested synthesized fecal microbial activity thiamine, a B vitamin. Other research found other remaining nutrients.

Enzyme supplementation : The modern canine diet is higher in carbohydrates and lower in meat-based protein and fat than the ancestral canine diet. Certain people have had success with a meat tenderizer that contains papain, an enzyme.

Unpleasant Tasting Products : The theory is that some flavors and odors are as disgusting to dogs as poop is to us, and that splashing certain amounts of these substances on the poop will make it less attractive. Many of these products contain monosodium glutamate, chamomile, derived from pepper plants, cassava, garlic and parsley.

Perhaps the best way to stop the problem is through methods of training and improving the dog’s environment, including:

– Keep the canid’s living area clean , including the garden, so that there is no poop to catch.

– Cat owners must keep the litter box clean or out of reach of the dog.

– Watch your dog on walks and immediately collect their droppings as soon as they are expelled .

How to stop a dog from eating poop

The easiest thing to do is provide your dog with a high-quality diet, and if the behavior continues, consult a vet to confirm that there is no underlying reason why your dog insists on eating poop over something more wholesome.

Why do dogs eat poop dog whisperer

Some dogs eat poop because they are hungry and it smells good to them. Others might do it because they are stressed or have a gastrointestinal disorder.

Why do dogs eat poop on walks

Given how many questions I get from confused pet parents wanting to know why their dog poos so much on walks, it’s definitely something we should talk about.

Well, I’ve got to the bottom (ahem) of the issue. Here’s the truly fascinating answer!

Sure going once is expected. But 2, 3 or 4 times seems a little extreme In fact, so many of us experience ‘poly-pooing’ (yes I invented the term) on walks and in the park that I thought I’d properly investigate why once is seemingly never enough…

Well, the answer is actually quite interesting. After initially ‘clearing the decks’, the reason they often go again and again is well…(number) two-fold.

First of all, it’s in large part due to the effect that exercise is having internally. You see, while your dog’s heart rate and blood pressure naturally increase as they move, this activates their nervous system and causes much more blood flow to travel to the smooth muscle of their intestines.

This in turn triggers these muscles to start contracting. Walk for more than a few minutes and that’s enough for that squeezing action in their intestine to produce something you need that little plastic bag for! Yes, it’s multi-poop time!

Then, there’s obviously diet. Foods and treats that are high in highly processed chicken or beef meals or cheap fillers like corn are often poorly digestible meaning a large part of what goes in comes out the other end untouched and unabsorbed; meaning you fill more bags. Poor gut health, with an imbalance of gut bacteria also leads to loose and multiple stools.

How to stop dog from eating poop home remedies

First, you should try to prevent your dog from eating his poop. To do this, the idea is to designate a suitable space for him to defecate and take care of the poop immediately.

Remember that poop should not be left out in the open as it contains pathogens that can be dangerous to humans. Scooping up your dog’s poop with compostable poop bags and disposing of it properly is the first step in helping your furry friend.

Why do dogs eat their own poop and pee?

Yes, dogs eat poop, no matter how horrified the owner may be. But eating poop-technically known as coprophagia-is actually a common canine behavior. When puppies are first born, mother dogs clean their puppies and ingest their feces and urine in the process. And yes, cat mothers do the same thing.

Source

If we are going to live with a dog, vaccines are one of the veterinary actions that we must implement as a preventive routine, whether our partner is a puppy or an adult. Regardless of whether you live inside or outside the home. There are ignorance and mistrust around vaccines, which leads to losing sight of the vital importance they have in the prevention of deadly diseases. Below we clarify all doubts and present the recommended Puppy shots schedule.

How do vaccines work?

To understand how vaccines work, start by reviewing some basic immunology concepts. When an animal becomes ill, its immune system creates defenses , known as antibodies, against the invading antigen.

This process serves to fight disease and, very importantly, to create an immune memory. This allows that, in a second contact with the same pathogen, the organism reacts quickly, thus minimizing the disease. The problem is that the most serious pathologies can cause the animal to die on first contact .

In this way the animal forms an immunological memory and, if it is exposed to the disease naturally, it will fight it quickly, with the clinical picture being milder or even non-existent.

Why do you have to vaccinate dogs?

Dogs are exposed to different diseases in their day to day. Fortunately, most trigger a clinical picture that, although it can be complex, is usually treatable with veterinary intervention.

But other pathologies, on the other hand, are potentially fatal and there are only support and symptomatic treatment against them. Since the treatment that eliminates them is sometimes ineffective, science has directed its efforts to prevent them. And this is the job of vaccines.

Administering vaccines prevents and eradicates infectious diseases , contributes to public health by avoiding zoonoses, and reduces the use of antibiotics, among other functions.

Types of vaccines for dogs

Vaccines can be made from life (active), attenuated (with some activity), or killed (non-active) pathogens. The goal of this is to produce less reaction and good immunity. Sooner or later, they all need revaccination.

Most vaccines are given by subcutaneous injection, but there are also intranasal or oral vaccines (such as kennel cough). Another classification is established between monovalent, which are those that contain the vaccine against only one disease, or bi, tri, tetra or polyvalent, depending on whether they include two, three, four, or more vaccines.

What is the vaccination schedule?

It is the name given to the protocol that is followed for the administration of vaccines . The calendar tells us which vaccines must be given and when, also indicating the necessary revaccinations and the vaccines that are considered optional.

It is usual that it varies according to the countries and even the regions or communities, and the living conditions and characteristics of the dog must always be taken into account. Therefore, it is best to adapt the calendar to each case and, if we are going to travel, inform us of the requirements at the destination.

What are the recommended vaccinations for a dog?

Currently there are numerous vaccines at our disposal to protect our dog. Most have been in use for years with great success .

New vaccines will surely be developed in the future. In the following sections we will review those that are considered essential and optional, as well as briefly describe the disease against which they immunize.

Canine distemper vaccine

The distemper is a serious and highly contagious viral disease that affects puppies, especially those not vaccinated between 6 to 12 weeks. The clinical picture includes catarrhal, digestive and neurological symptoms. The sequelae can be lifelong, such as hypoplasia of the dental enamel.

Mortality is high, especially when the nervous system is affected. It is a vaccine considered essential. It is given to puppies at 6 weeks of age and as a booster later in the next two vaccines. Revaccination is recommended for adults.

Infectious hepatitis vaccine

This highly contagious viral disease is caused by canine adenovirus type I. It mainly affects children under one year of age. It will mainly damage the liver. The clinical signs of infectious hepatitis can range from vomiting and jaundice (yellow mucous membranes) to corneal edema.

It can manifest itself more or less seriously . In some very acute and serious cases, the dog dies within hours. It is one of the essential vaccines and also protects against adenovirus implicated in kennel cough (type 2).

Leptospirosis vaccine

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that usually preferably affects the liver and kidney. Its symptoms are going to be related to these organs, although very different signs may appear. Is a zoonosis.

It is included in the polyvalent vaccine, which is given at 9 weeks of age. It is recommended to repeat this dose annually. Yes, it is usually part of the usual calendar.

Parvovirus Puppy shots

The parvovirus is a very serious and contagious viral disease that affects mostly puppies few weeks old. It is characterized by severe vomiting and possibly bloody diarrhea that eventually dehydrates the dog.

Is considered an essential and mandatory vaccine that is administered to puppies and is included in the annual revaccination programs for adults. It is a veterinary emergency, so if your puppy has diarrhea, it is best to go to the vet immediately . Vaccination drastically reduces the possibility of contagion but not one hundred percent, so do not trust.

Rabies vaccine

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic viral disease which, although in developed countries has been controlled through vaccination, still causing human deaths in areas like India. The administration of this vaccine, which is considered essential, will depend on the legislation of the place where we live.

The first dose can be administered to three-month-old puppies and, if we look at the scientific evidence, it should be repeated every one, two or three years, depending on the manufacturer. The problem is that it is usually a mandatory vaccine by law and it is this that will specify when to give it.

Parainfluenza vaccine

The canine parainfluenza virus (multipurpose vaccine) is implicated in kennel cough. This vaccine offers protection but does not prevent infected animals from shedding the virus in their nasal secretions , making them contagious.

There is a vaccine combined with the Bordetella bronchiseptic vaccine that does prevent this possibility. It is one of the vaccines that does not seem to reach twelve months of protection, so it would be advisable to give it twice a year to the highest-risk dogs.

Bordetella bronchiseptic vaccine

This bacteria can cause kennel cough. In principle, it is not a very serious disease, but in some dogs, it progresses to pneumonia, which can have a more reserved prognosis.

It is recommended for dogs that are going to stay in places such as residences, shelters, participate in dog shows, etc. The vaccine can be intranasal, injectable or oral (latest updates of the vaccine) and is the one that is requested to stay in kennels.

Borreliosis or Lyme disease vaccine

There are also vaccines available that can help prevent Lyme disease in humans. However, in dogs constant annual prevention against external parasites is more efficient.

However, prevention in other countries where this disease is more common may be different, so you should always consult the veterinarian in the area where you are, since the prevalence of diseases is different depending on the country in which we are. .

Canine herpesvirus vaccine

They are contagious by direct contact with respiratory or genital mucous secretions, although they generally do not cause symptoms or clinical symptoms in their new host until later.

Puppies are often infected in utero , at birth, or through contact with littermates. In the case of the transplacental route, the effects are different depending on the stage of gestation, they are usually abortions. Vaccination is applied to the pregnant mother, since the virus can infect the puppies in the womb.

Leishmaniasis Puppy shots

It is a disease caused by a protozoan and transmitted by a mosquito. As it can affect several organs, its symptoms are varied. In most cases it is a lifelong treatment . A recombinant vaccine is currently available. It can be used in dogs older than six months and is effective with two doses and annual revaccination.

First, the status of the dog with respect to the disease must be assessed through serological tests because it is only recommended to administer to uninfected dogs to be effective. The vaccine does not act against the transmitting mosquito, so deworming is still essential annually, especially in endemic areas.

What are the mandatory vaccinations?

On this point we must inform ourselves of the legislation in force in our place of residence. In Spain, this competence is transferred to the Autonomous Communities, which explains the differences between territories.

In addition, the laws on animal protection are changing, so it is advisable that we inquire at the veterinary center . The vaccines we recommend, which are considered mandatory in some communities, are the ones we have rated as essential.

Administering all the others will depend on the living conditions and the characteristics of the dog. These factors determine the risk of contracting these pathologies. It will be the veterinarian who assesses the need to apply the corresponding vaccines. Then the owner will be the one to decide if they apply or not .

At a general level in Spain, we can assess the following vaccines as highly recommended, in addition to some totally mandatory by law such as rabies.

1. A month and a half should be vaccinated against parvovirus and distemper.
2. At two months and one week the polyvalent (I remember the previous two, leptospira, hepatitis, and influenza virus).
3. It should be revaccinated three months after the polyvalent (vaccine from which it can go out). You can get vaccinated for kennel cough below.
4. At four months rabies. Then you can put the leishmaniasis
5. Every year : multipurpose vaccine (reminder) and rabies vaccine (in some autonomous communities a recall is required every two years, in the majority every year).

Puppy shots

Puppies, having an immature immune system, are more prone to infectious diseases. To avoid this, it is essential to start vaccinating them as soon as the immunity conferred by their mother decreases , between 6-8 weeks. A single dose of a vaccine is able to stimulate the immune system, but it is the second that immunizes almost one hundred percent.

Therefore, in puppies it is necessary to repeat the dose of the same vaccine 2-3 times until optimal protection is achieved. It is recommended not to finish revaccination before 12 weeks. Until we have completed all the vaccinations of this stage it is important that we do not take the puppy for a walk . From the second multipurpose or third vaccine, it can be taken out onto the streets.

Vaccination in adult dogs

Once the vaccination schedule for the puppies has been completed and, therefore, an adequate immunization has been achieved, the objective becomes to maintain it. For this the dog must be periodically revaccinated . Revaccination is usually annual and contains essential vaccines. Depending on the circumstances of each dog, the calendar can be altered.

When we adopt an adult dog whose vaccination history is unknown or one that has been vaccinated as a puppy but has not been revaccinated for years, the current recommendation is to administer a single dose of the multipurpose vaccine chosen for essential revaccination. Then the revaccinations are followed as with any other dog.

Vaccination in elderly dogs

From the age of 8-10 it is debatable whether revaccination should be continued. The immune system of older dogs reaches a time when it is not able to respond to vaccination. Each case would have to be weighed and risks and benefits assessed. The rabies vaccine will continue to be administered by legal imperative.

Why do you have to revaccinate ( Puppy shots )?

The immunity conferred by vaccines can be temporarily limited. This means that the memory that may have been created in the immune system after its administration will be exhausted in a while. This varies depending on each vaccine. Therefore, to maintain protection, revaccination is essential.

There is no debate about revaccination in general, but there is debate about when each specific vaccine should be repeated. Distemper, parvovirus, or rabies vaccines appear to maintain immunity for over a year in an adult dog that has been properly vaccinated. It is believed that they could immunize from 3 to 9 years and even for life.

On the contrary, other vaccines fail to protect twelve months. That is why it is interesting that, taking into account the dog’s living conditions, the veterinarian draws up an adapted vaccination schedule. It should also be borne in mind that some vaccines are marketed together, so revaccination is usually annual.

Keeping our dog vaccinated correctly, protects him and protects us.

Puppy shots fail?

Yes, vaccines may not offer 100% protection , none of them do. As well as if they are applied to a dog that is not in a position to develop an adequate immune response. That is why it is so important that we always go to a veterinarian to minimize errors. Also, some diseases are caused by different strains and a vaccine is not always available for all of them.

Why are Puppy shots so expensive?

The price of the vaccines will be different depending on the veterinary center. When our dog is a puppy, having to vaccinate several times can seem expensive, but then we are talking about in general, a single or two vaccines a year.

When deciding to share life with a dog, we must know that it involves a series of fixed expenses. The vet is one of them. We have to assume deworming and vaccines as essential. In addition, vaccinating is a clinical act that can only be performed by a veterinarian who has invested effort and money in training and setting up a clinic.

The fixed benefit of vaccinations for the veterinarian allows other services, such as surgeries, to be offered at a more affordable amount. Finally, the cost of treating the dog if it is infected with any of the diseases is much higher than the price of a vaccine and does not guarantee, in many cases, cure.

Related Posts

Do Puppy shots have side effects?

In the hours after inoculation, the animal could present discomfort, inflammation in the puncture area, fever, an allergic reaction on the face or back, or a decrease in activity and appetite.

• Possible Side Effects of Vaccines

Contraindications to vaccination ( Puppy shots )

When a dog already has any disease, parasites, allergies or any condition that reduces the functioning of its immune system, vaccinating it may not help, since its body will not be able to form the necessary antibodies.

For dogs undergoing immunosuppressive drug treatments, vaccination is not recommended either. In females in a state of pregnancy or in which there is a well-founded suspicion that they may be pregnant, it is contraindicated to vaccinate, except for herpesvirus or in some specific situation that the veterinarian must assess.

In addition, the puppies will be protected by the antibodies transmitted by their mother for about eight weeks. Depending on each case, the veterinarian will consider vaccinating them before, so as not to interfere with these antibodies. That is why putting a vaccine is a clinical act only the competence of the veterinarian, who must first check the animal.

Bibliography
Carlson and Giffin (2002): A practical manual of canine veterinary medicine. Madrid: Editorial el Drac.
Fariñas, Fernando (2015): Animal-dependent vaccination failures: myths and realities. Veterinary Portal, October 21, 2015.
Framework of good practices for the use of vaccines in animals (2019): http://www.vetresponsable.es/vetresponsable/guias/marco-de-buenas-practicas-para-el- use-of-vaccines-in-
animals_4176_347_4417_0_1_in.html Roura, Xavier (2015): Control of canine leptospirosis in Europe: Is it time for a change? Veterinary Portal. January 7, 2015.
Simón, Mª Carmen Simón (2017): How to establish a vaccination plan. Ateuves nº 6, pages 22-26.
WSAVA (2016): Guidelines for the vaccination of cats and dogs: https://www.wsava.org/WSAVA/media/PDF_old/2015-WSAVA-Vaccination-Guidelines-Spanish.PDF

Cancer is a disease that affects many dogs every year, and it has become one of the top causes of canine death today. There are many different types of cancer, and not all of them are fatal. Because they will all be malignant tumors, it is critical to understand how to diagnose them and begin appropriate therapy. Symptoms of cancer in dogs vary depending on their location. However, we should always visit a veterinary facility so that the location and prognosis may be confirmed.

you may be interested: Dog ate tampon. What should i do? Is it dangerous for my dog to eat a tampon?

Symptoms of cancer in dogs. External tumor clinical signs in dogs

A significant portion of cancer in dogs will be detectable through physical examination. These will primarily be skin cancers. We will discover masses on the skin or under the skin. These tumors can be more or less adherent, have a smoother or rougher surface, be ulcerated or not, and be of varying sizes.

Tumors will appear in the perianal area, such as hepatocarcinoma, in the testes, such as Sertolinomas, in the mammary glands, in the mouth, ears, and subcutaneous lipomas, or throughout the skin surface, such as mast cells or histiocytomas. We can discover them simply by glancing at and feeling our dog regularly.

The veterinary check-up, on the other hand, includes a thorough examination that also serves to detect cancer with these manifestations. Because, while we detect them at home, it will be veterinarians who confirm the diagnosis through mass samples.

Clinical signs of internal tumors in dogs

Cancer has the same effect on internal organs. The spleen and liver are the most frequently affected. On the other hand, both the liver and the lungs, particularly the latter, are frequently affected by metastasis. Cancer can begin in one part of the body and spread to other parts.

Tumors in internal organs are not visible from the outside, so the diagnosis may come at a late stage of the disease. Weight loss, apathy, vomiting, diarrhea, ascites, pale mucous membranes, dyspnea, weakness… are all symptoms that should raise our suspicions.

Cancer is also more common in older dogs. That is why it is critical to not only go to veterinary check-ups but also to explore it at home regularly. Routine annual exams should begin around the age of seven. A checkup and, at the very least, a blood test are recommended.

Common Symptoms of cancer in dogs

Because there are several different types of cancer, the symptoms can also vary depending on the type of cancer you have. That is why we must consider not only what we can or could see with our eyes, such as external masses, but also the systemic symptoms that our pet may externalize. These are just a few examples:

• Unjustified exhaustion and fatigue
•  Unjustified weight loss
•  Lack of appetite, loss of appetite
•  Fall of the mood
•  Obvious symptoms such as the possible masses mentioned above.

If we notice one or more of these symptoms in our dog, we should take him to a veterinarian for a thorough examination and a possible diagnosis of a tumor, as the symptoms can be very nonspecific at times.

How to prevent cancer

Cancer cannot be avoided in the majority of situations. It is a situation in which cells begin to multiply uncontrollably as a result of an external trigger.

Depending on the type of cancer, there will be some things we must do or avoid for this condition to not appear or to be delayed as long as possible.

Preventing our dog from being exposed to the sun during peak hours and for extended periods will reduce the likelihood of squamous cell carcinoma, particularly those with white layers, as much as possible.

Above all, and most importantly, we should consult a veterinarian if we notice any symptoms. Early detection is half the battle won. Nobody will tell you whether or not your dog has cancer over the internet because precision medical tests are required.

Source

The first response and action in the face of this type of event should be to contact the veterinarian, after agreeing on the situation with the owner of the dog that has bitten ours.

It is a very common emergency in veterinary centers and always requires special attention because depending on the severity of the attack, you will need one treatment or another. From ScoobyDog we tell you in detail what to do if our dog is bitten.

Bites and gravity

Each bite is a different case depending on the severity (depth and extent) and the bite area. However, they all have one characteristic in common, and that is that the mouth (and more specifically the saliva) of dogs, like that of humans, is full of bacteria .

The bacteria most commonly found in canine saliva are Actinomyces, Streptococcus, and Granulicatella species, among others. In addition, dog teeth usually have some degree of plaque . Plaque develops from saliva, bacteria, cells in the mouth, and food waste.

All this set is solidly accumulated on the enamel of the teeth or external face of the same, predisposing in case of a bite to another dog, that the determined area becomes infected .

Symptoms

Given the information in the previous section, a bite in most cases (depending on its severity) will tend to become infected if we do not go or need veterinary medical attention.

However, depending on the severity of each bite, the treatment and prognosis will be different, being worse or more reserved in serious bites or serious fights between dogs .

We will then have a wide variety of range and bite cases according to the veterinary and emergency clinical experience that I have. Next, I will emphasize the different possible cases from the mildest to the most serious.

1. The lightest bites will be small fangs that barely penetrate the skin, or have simply brushed it, producing a small superficial wound.
2. Next, the fangs will go through the skin and the subcutaneous layer without going through the muscle.
3. The next case could be bites that go through the musculature , so they will be a few centimeters deep and in diameter. The recovery of these will be longer -than in the previous cases.
4. Finally, we could include the bites that have torn and pierced the muscles . They are usually several centimeters in diameter and can affect large areas, and tissues may have to be surgically reconstructed. It will affect several areas most of the time and the prognosis will be more reserved than the previous cases.

In this last group we can include not only dog ​​bites in a serious fight, but also altercations with wild animals such as wild boars, for which they will need hospitalization . Recovery will obviously be much slower and you will have to be especially careful and follow the treatment very well.

Symptoms, therefore, in the first case, we can observe bleeding or already coagulated superficial wounds with possible small fangs. These will be rounded in most cases. We will observe the swollen and congestive (red) edges of the wound.

If they have gone through the skin, and not the muscle, what will be seen a centimeter or so deep in the wound is the muscle. This one looks like a thick deep red coat . If they have crossed this, we will see a tear or fissure in the muscle itself.

Fights with wild animals, almost uncommon in urbanized areas, tend to have fatal outcomes. The wounds can range from deep goring or fangs to tears in the skin, muscle and possibly internal organs, which will greatly worsen the prognosis. The lives of these animals are in serious danger.

Therefore, the symptoms will vary depending on the severity . The most common being pain (possible crying) in the affected area, inflammation, heat and edema. If it seriously affects the extremities, we will see a limp. We can observe decay, apathy and weakness.

If a relatively serious wound is left and becomes chronic, it is most likely that due to the aforementioned bacteria, it will become infected. We can find pus in the form of abscesses and granulomas.

Treatment

It is important to establish prompt treatment. This means that as soon as the event occurs, and we give us the data with the opposite owner if applicable, we must go to a veterinarian. This is because the longer we wait, the more likely it is that the tissues will become infected or necrotic (it depends on its severity).

The veterinarian must assess the appropriate treatment for each case, depending on the severity, affected areas, size and weight of the animal. Similar injuries will not be the same in a Chihuahua as in a Labrador, for example.

Related links

However, all the biting cases described above will have common daily patterns. These will be: cleaning with crystalline, anti-inflammatories such as meloxicam, omeprazole to protect the stomach from the anti-inflammatory and Elizabethan collar or bell to prevent our pet from licking the wounds, which could infect them.

Regarding the first case in which the wound is superficial and does not go through the skin, the treatment other than that described will not require antibiotic therapy , and in a matter of a few days the animal will be recovered. The remaining cases will need systemic antibiotic therapy for several days and possibly weeks, as the risk of infection is high.

If you have penetrated the skin of another animal’s teeth in millimeters to a few centimeters, you will need a method of approximating the tissues with medical instruments such as surgical staples or sutures. The use of these materials in bite wounds is controversial among veterinary surgeons, since, depending on the size of the bite, if you closed it completely, an abscess could form, since there would be no drainage.

That is why the vet will have to evaluate each case separately . If you put staples, depending on the size of the wound, you should leave some space for it to drain every day with cleaning the dirt that it has or we remove.

In wounds that affect the muscle, it will also be necessary to suture part of them, however, depending on the diameter of the involvement, they will need some type of drainage. Most of the time, passive drainage (rubber tube with micropores) is used to cleanse the wound of bacteria that can reproduce.

In the case of very serious wounds or those carried out by wild animals, they will need hospitalization to provide intravenous fluids and medication. The prognosis of these patients will be very reserved.

Bibliography
Journal of Clinical Microbiology and own emergency clinical experience.

We often make the mistake of thinking that dogs already have enough coats in their coat to withstand the low temperatures of winter. However, although some breeds such as the Siberian Husky, the Alaskan Malamute, the Samoyed, or the Chow Chow tolerate the cold better, all dogs appreciate sheltering from it.

Regardless of the breed of your pet, you should take certain precautions to protect it from the cold and thus prevent it from getting sick. Puppies, the elderly, small breeds, and fine-haired dogs are the most vulnerable to frost. From Scooby Dog, we provide you with tips to protect them whether they live inside or outside the home.

How does the cold affect dogs?

Young dogs, elderly dogs, fine-haired dogs, and small breeds are the most prone to becoming ill as a result of repeated or prolonged exposure to low temperatures. The resulting pathologies are related to viral conditions, such as the flu, and respiratory conditions, such as the common cold.

In the case of elderly dogs, in addition, joint pain derived from osteoarthritis tends to worsen, so it is convenient to stimulate them with games and rewards so that they can exercise indoors, or massage their limbs to relieve them. These are the most common diseases in dogs due to hypothermia :

• Cold (cough, fever, and nasal congestion)
• Bronchitis
• Laryngitis
• Pharyngitis
• Pneumonia
• Infectious tracheobronchitis or ‘ kennel cough ‘

How to detect hypothermia

The ears, with their otitis, the footpads, which crack, and the interdigital space, which tends to become red, are the most sensitive areas. Therefore, every time you return from a walk you should dry your ears and make sure that everything is as it should. There are several symptoms that reveal hypothermia in a hairy one. Take note :

1. Tremble . It is the most obvious sign of cold in dogs. Of course, breeds like Chihuahua also do it out of excitement or because of their metabolism.
2. He moves less and does it in a strange way . His muscles are stiff from the accumulated dampness and cold.
3. You sleep more than usual for no apparent reason (fatigue due to exertion, a copious or heavy meal).
4. Breathe slowly .
5. Your skin is dry . Hence the convenience of taking advantage of brushing moments to check the condition of your skin.

Recommendations to protect dogs from the cold

Now that you know what conditions low temperatures can cause in furry dogs and how to identify them in time, we are going to show you what you should do to avoid these setbacks, both for pets that live indoors and for those that do so outside.

How to protect indoor dogs

Apart from providing a space for exclusive use where you can rest without sudden changes in temperature, it is worth providing a blanket with which to cover you at night. If you do not like to be covered, you can use it to lie on it and take shelter as well.

How to protect outdoor dogs

In the case of furry people who usually sleep outside the home, and depending on how harsh the winter is, you could consider spending this season indoors. To do this, you should provide a draft-free , spacious and well-ventilated space with a padded bed or blanket.

If, on the contrary, your pet is going to continue outside, make sure that the orientation of his house is the ideal one to protect it from the wind and rain. In this sense, the west or south orientation is usually the most suitable. Plastic and treated wood are the most resistant, waterproof, and insulating materials.

It should be about 10 cm from the ground to isolate the cold and humidity and its size should allow it to be stretched out, standing up and to be able to turn around without difficulty. Avoid booths that are too large , as they will not retain their body heat. Placing a pad and a mattress for dogs will be well received by your pet.

Tips common to all

To what has already been mentioned, we want to add other tips that will serve as a complement to the winter care of your dog, no matter where you spend most of the day. They are summarized as follows :

• Don’t overfeed it with higher calorie or hot foods. Your diet must remain unchanged despite the cold.
• Bathe it only when necessary and dry it thoroughly, first with the towel and then with the dryer. Place the dryer at a certain distance from your pet and at medium power so as not to cause burns. Don’t let it go outside if it’s not completely dry.
• Wrap it up with clothing that provides warmth on walks outside. Some brands use the proceeds for charitable causes, such as supporting abandoned pet shelters and shelters.
• Do not neglect their physical activity, they need it to stay healthy, and also to warm up. Of course, the walks should be shorter and, if possible, in the central hours of the day.
• Not frequent frozen ponds or lakes. You could fall into the icy water if the ice breaks.
• Avoid spills of antifreeze or similar products that could poison you.
• Moisturize your pads with specific moisturizers for this purpose or wear socks.
• Upon returning from the street, he checks the condition of his legs and pads. Remove any remaining snow, salt, or moisture.
• Encourage play indoors, and if your dog is elderly, encourage him to move or massage his joints. In this way, you will mitigate joint pain.

Don’t hesitate, protect it

As you can see, the cold implies adopting certain measures to protect your pet in the same way that we do it with us. We hope that the information provided helps you, and you can put it into practice. And you, how do you usually protect your dog from low temperatures? We read you in the comments.

Article source